Miscellanea Fantuzzi, 1643-1778.

Catholic Church. Congregatio Concilii

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Shortly after the closing of the Council of Trent on December 4, 1563, Pius IV (1559-1565) appointed a commission of cardinals (Dec. 30, 1563) to ensure the application of the council's disciplinary decrees. With the motu proprio Alias Nos nonnullas (Aug. 2, 1564), he formally recognized this commission and established it as a permanent congregation called Congregatio super Executione et Observantia Sacri Concilii Tridentini et Aliarum Reformationum. From the beginning it was common...

Catholic Church. Congregatio Iurisdictionis et Immunitatis Ecclesiasticae.

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Catholic Church. Rota Romana

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From the earliest days of the Church judicial problems and reserved cases were referred to Rome for solution. By the end of the twelfth century this continual and ever-increasing flood of requests became too burdensome for the Consistory of Cardinals. The popes, therefore, began to refer cases to members of the papal household who were called cappellani papae. This group, which was dependent on the Apostolic Chancery (ID VATV032-A), seems to be the antecedent, if not the origin of t...

Fantuzzi, Gaetano 1708-1778

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The Fantuzzi family originated as Elefantuzzi (Elephantutius) in Bologna. Gaetano, the son of Count Giacomo Fantuzzi and Laura Gottifredi, was born in 1708 at Gualdo near Ravenna. After studies in the humanities and philosophy at the college in Modena, Gaetano studied law at the University of Pisa under the direction of Professor Averani. In 1730 he went to Rome, where he was quickly noticed for his juridical and poetic talents. He entered the studio of Monsignor Peralta, auditor of...

Catholic Church. Poenitentiaria Apostolica

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The Apostolic Penitentiary has jurisdiction for the sacramental and nonsacramental internal forum (i.e., matters affecting the private spiritual good of individuals); issues decisions on questions of conscience; grants absolutions, dispensations, commutations, sanations and condonations; and has charge of nondoctrinal matters pertaining to indulgences. It is one of the three tribunals of the Holy See. Some find traces of it, or at least the idea for it, in the works of t...

Catholic Church. Congregatio Particulari.

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Borgia, Stefano, 1731-1804

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Papal States. Congregazione sopra lo stato dell'annona.

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Papal States. Congregatio pro Consultationibus Negociorum Status Ecclesiastici.

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Catholic Church. Secretariatus Status

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The office of secretarius intimus (private secretary) was entrusted by Leo X (1513-1521) to Pietro Ardighello, an assistant to Cardinal Giulio de' Medici (the future Clement VII [1523-1534] and a cousin of Leo X), who took over the direction of foreign affairs dealing with all correspondence in the vernacular, especially with the apostolic nuncios who were entrusted by that time with diplomatic missions of a permanent character. The correspondence was carried on in the name but no longer under t...